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1 ἰσάκις
A the same number of times, as many times, Str.3.5.8; ἰ. πολλαπλάσιος c. gen., the same multiple of.., Euc.7 Def.21, al.; ἰ. πολλαπλάσια equimultiples, Id.5Def.5, al.; ἰ. ἴσος, of a number, equal multiplied by equal, i.e. square, Pl.R. 546c, Tht. 147e, 148a, Euc.7 Def.19, Ph.1.11, etc.; ἰ. ἴσος ἰ. equal multiplied by equal multiplied by equal, i.e. cube number, Euc.7 Def.20, etc. -
2 πλευρά
A = πλευρόν, rib, rare in sg.,βοὸς π. Hdt.4.64
;παρὰ τὴν π. ἑκάστην Arist.HA 513b29
: pl., ribs, Id.PA 654b35.2 pl., generally, side of a man or animal,ἄλλοτ' ἐπὶ πλευρὰς κατακείμενος, ἄλλοτε δ' αὖτε ὕπτιος Il.24.10
; of both sides,ἀνὰ πλευράς τε καὶ ὤμους 23.716
; , cf. Hes.Sc. 430, A.Pr.71, Eu. 843 (lyr.): sg., also, of one side, S.OC 1260, Aj. 834, etc.; a side of beef, etc., PCair.Zen.381.5 (iii B.C., written πλερά): the pl. form is v.l. in E.Hec. 826.II side, of things and places,νηὸς πλευραί Thgn.513
; ; [ Πακτωλοῦ] D.P. 833; of an army,αἱ π. τοῦ πλαισίου X.An.3.4.22
, cf. 28, Plu.Mar. 25, etc.;παρὰ π. τινὶ εἶναι Plb.5.26.6
; παρὰ π., opp. κατὰ κεφαλήν, IG22.463.72b side of a rectangle, ib. 36c: hence, one factor of any product, Id.Tht. 148a, Arist. Metaph. 1051a26, Euc.7 Def.17, etc. -
3 ψῆφος
Aψηφάων Man.4.448
: ([etym.] ψάω):—a small round worn stone, pebble,ψᾶφος ἑλισσομένα Pi.O. 10(11).9
; οὐκ ἂν εἰδείην λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν ib.13.46; ψήφῳ μούνῃ διατετρανέεις, opp. μόγις ἂν λίθῳ παίσας διαρρήξειας, Hdt. 3.12; ψ. ἄμμου a grain of sand, LXXSi.18.10.2 precious stone, gem, Philostr.VA3.27; esp. worn in a ring, Luc.DMeretr.9.II acc. to the various uses made of such pebbles:1 pebble used for reckoning, counter, λογίζεσθαι ψήφοις calculate or reckon by abacus, cipher, Hdt.2.36, etc.: hence to reckon exactly or accurately, opp. ἀπὸ χειρὸς λ., Ar.V. 656 (anap.);οὐ τιθεὶς ψήφους D.18.229
;ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν A.Ag. 570
;ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ θέσθαι E.Rh. 309
: metaph.,ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν τὰς ἔχθρας καὶ τὰς φιλίας Plb.2.47.5
: hence ψῆφος itself for a cipher, number, πὸτ ἄρτιον (sc. ἀριθμὸν)ποτθέμειν.. ψᾶφον Epich.170
: pl., accounts, καθαραὶ ψ., where there is an exact balance, D.18.227;οἱ περὶ τὰς ψ.
calculators,Alciphr.
1.26;ψήφων ἄπειρος Plu.2.812e
; δακτυλικὴ ψ. reckoning on the fingers, AP11.290 (Pall.); of astrological calculations, Vett.Val.10.15, al.b in Magic, κατέχων τὴν ψ. (i. e. the object on which the number is written) λέγε .. PMag.Par.1.1048, cf. 937.5 pebble used in voting,ψήφῳ ψηφίζεσθαι Hdt.9.55
;ἐὰν μὴ τῇ ψ... ψηφίσωνται κρύβδην ψηφιζόμενοι D.59.89
: hence, the vote itself, ψῆφον φέρειν give one's vote,ἐν καρδίᾳ ψ. φέροντες A.Eu. 680
, cf. And.1.2, D.57.61, etc.;ὑπέρ τινος Lycurg.7
;περί τινος Id.11
, etc.;ψήφου φορά E.Supp. 484
; ψῆφον τίθεσθαι, = ψηφίζεσθαι, Hdt.8.123, cf. 6.57;εἰς τεῦχος.. ψήφους ἔθεντο A.Ag. 816
; c. inf., Hdt.3.73;ψ. προσθέσθαι Th.1.40
; ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν to determine by vote, A.Eu. 630; ψήφῳ κρίνειν, Th.1.87, etc.;μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψ. Pl.Ap. 36b
, cf. Lex ap.D.21.47: in collect. sense, ἐχρῆν.. ψ. περὶ αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι a vote is taken, Antipho 5.47;ἡ καθαιροῦσα ψ. Lys.13.37
;ἡ σῴζουσα ψ. D.19.66
; οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψ. a majority of votes, Pl.Lg. 759d: τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν to put the vote or question, of the president, Th.1.119, 125;ψῆφον δοῦναι περί τινος IG22.222.24
, cf. D.21.188;ψ. ἀναδοὺς περί τινος App.BC1.100
; soψ. περὶ ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἀνδραποδισμοῦ προτεθεῖσαν D.19.65
; διένεμον (vv. ll. διενέμοντο, ἔφερον) τὰς ψ. were casting their votes, Hdt.8.123; ὑπὸ ψήφου μιᾶς with one accord, Ar.Lys. 270; ψ. φανερά open voting,ψ. φανερὰν διενεγκεῖν Th.4.74
;τὴν ψ. οὐκ εἰς καδίσκους ἀλλὰ φανερὰν ἐπὶ τὰς τραπέζας τίθεσθαι Lys.13.37
, cf. Pl.Lg. 767d, 855d; opp. ψ. ἀφανής voting by ballot, Aeschin.3.233;κρύβδην τὴν ψ. φέρειν Arist. Rh.Al. 1433a23
, cf. 1424b2, Ath.69.1.b that which is carried by vote, a vote, ψ. καταγνώσεως a vote of condemnation, Th.3.82; ψῆφος αὐτῷ ἐπῆκτο περὶ φυγῆς a vote of banishment was moved for against him, X.An.7.7.57, cf. A.Th. 198;ψήφῳ πόλεως γνωσθεῖσαι Id.Supp.7
(anap.):—hence,c any resolve or decree,ψ. τυράννων S.Ant.60
; λιθίνα ψᾶφος a decree written on stone, Pi.O.7.87; διδοῖ ψᾶφον περ' αὐτᾶς [the oak] gives judgement of itself, Id.P.4.265; ψ. φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν, i. e. public opinion, Cratin.57 (lyr.); τίν' ἂν ψῆφον θεῖο; what judgment.. ? Pl.Prt. 330c, cf. R. 450a;ἡ ἐμὴ ψ. Id.Phlb. 57a
.d Ἀθηνᾶς ψ., calculus Minervae, prov. phrase to express acquittal, when the votes were even, Philostr.VS2.3.e ψ. is sts. omitted,κἂν ἴσαι γένωνται Ar.Ra. 685
(lyr.);πάσαις κρατεῖν Luc.
Bis Acc.18, cf. 22.f Διὸς ψῆφος (ψῆφοι Hsch.
), prov. ἐπὶ τῶν ἱερῶν καὶ ἀθίκτων, of the scene of contest betw. Athena and Poseidon, Suid., etc.g Κόννου ψ., negligible quantity, cipher, Ar.V. 675 (anap.), cf. Κοννᾶς.7 metaph., influence,πόλις μεγάλην ψ. ἔχουσα Lib.Or.18.13
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4 κύβος
A cube, Ti.Locr.98c; esp. cubical die, marked on all six sides, mostly in pl., dice, Hdt.1.94, etc.;κύβων βολαί S. Fr. 429
;ἐν πτώσει κύβων Pl.R. 604c
;περὶ κύβους τὰς διατριβὰς ποιούμενοι Lys.16.11
: prov., ἀεὶ γὰρ εὖ πίπτουσιν οἱ Διὸς κ., i.e. God's work is no mere chance, S.Fr. 895; ;ἄλλα βλήματ' ἐν κύβοις βαλεῖν E.Supp. 330
; : later in sg.,οἶδ' ὅτι ῥιπτῶ πάντα κύβον κεφαλῆς.. ὕπερθεν ἐμῆς AP5.24
(Phld.);τὸν περὶ τῶν ὅλων ἀναρρίψων κύβον Plu.Fab.14
, cf. Luc.Pr.Im.16;ἐφ' ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς ἀναρρίπτειν τὸν κ. Id.Harm.3
; ἀνερρίφθω κ., Lat. jacta esto alea, Men.65.4, Plu.Caes. 32; ἔσχατον κύβον ἀφιέναι try one's luck for the last time, Id.Cor. 3.2 of the single pips on the dice, βέβληκ' Ἀχιλλεὺς δύο κύβω καὶ τέσσαρα he has thrown two aces and a four, E.Fr. 888: prov., τρὶς ἓξ.. ἢ τρεῖς κύβους βάλλειν 'all or nothing', Pl.Lg. 968e, cf. Pherecr. 124.3 in pl., gaming-table, Hermipp.27.4 kind of cubic cake, Eup.424, Heraclid. ap. Ath.3.114a.6 part of an irrigation-machine, BGU 1546 (iii B.C.), PLond.3.1177.216 (ii A.D.). [ κῦβος only in late Poets, AP14.8; coebus Aus.Idyll.11.3.] -
5 κύβος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `dice' (IA.), also of the eyes of the dice (E., Pl.) and the gaming table (Hermipp. 27, pl.); metaph. of dice-like objects, `cubus' (Ti. Lokr.), `cubic number' (Pl., Arist.), `dice-like stone-, wood-block' (hell. pap. a. inscr.), `cake, piece of salted fish' (com.); also `vertebra' (Rhian. 57; after ἀστράγαλος) and `hollow above the hip of cattle' (Ath. 9, 399b).Compounds: Some compp., e.g. φιλό-κυβος `who loves the dice' (Ar., Arist.).Derivatives: 1. κύβιον `in the form of κύβοι salted fish' (com., pap.) with κυβιάριον name of a belonging pot (pap) 2. κυβίας `kind of tunny' (Opp.; on the formation Chantr. Formation 94). 3. κυβοστόν n. name of a fraction (Dioph.; after εἰκοστόν etc.). 4. κυβεών m. `gambling house' (Tz.). 5. κυβικός `quadrangular' (Pl., Arist.). Denomin. verbs: 1. κυβεύω `dice, gamble' (Att.), also `deceive' (Arr.), with κυβεία `dice', κυβευ-τής `dicer', - τικός, - τήριον (Att.). 2. κυβίζω `raise to the cube' (Hero) with κυβισμός ( Theol. Ar.). 3. κυβᾳ̃ H. as explanation of πεττεύει.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: The names vary from language to language and are often loans (Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 2, 423). Also κύβος will be a foreign word (Schwyzer 458); after Hdt. 1, 94 the Lydians claimed to have invented the game. Lat. LW [loanword] cubus. - Because of the incidental meaning `hollow above the hip of cattle' κύβος was with wrong idea of the development of the meaning connected with Germ., e.g. Goth. hups `hip' (Lat. cubitus `elbow'), Bq, WP. 1, 373f., Pok. 589f., W.-Hofmann s. cubitus; rejected by Kretschmer KZ 55, 89). - On κύβος = τρύβλιον (Paph., H.) cf. the words s. κύπελλον.Page in Frisk: 2,39-40Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύβος
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